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Immunomodulatory activities of arctiin isolated from a Fruit of Forsythia viridissima in macrophages
Author(s) -
Kim Kyungjae,
Lee Sungwon,
Kim Hyunyul,
Han Shinha,
Kwon Jeonghak,
Shin Seulmee,
Kong Hyunseok,
Yim Dongsool,
Lee Chongkil
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.1065.18
Subject(s) - nitric oxide , nitric oxide synthase , tumor necrosis factor alpha , macrophage , inflammation , prostaglandin , cyclooxygenase , chemistry , biology , pharmacology , immunology , in vitro , biochemistry , endocrinology , enzyme
Arctiin isolated from Forsythia viridissim was reported to have anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐oxidant in vitro . There is lack of studies regarding the effects of arctiin on the immunological activities. We examined through macrophages for understanding the mechanism as to how arctiin inhibit inflammation. We investigated the effects of arctiin on the production of various kinds of cytokines such as nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), Interleukine‐1β (IL‐1β), interleukine‐6 (IL‐6) and Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) in primary and cultured macrophage with various doses of arctiin. Arctiin significantly decreased production of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Arctiin dose dependently decreased the expression levels mRNA of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α gene expression and western blot analysis also supported that arctiin decreased expression levels of their cytokines. In addition, Arctiin inhibit cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2)‐dependent prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) production in a concentration‐dependent manner. The expression levels of costimulatory molecules such as B7‐1, B7‐2 and ICAM‐1 were suppressed by arctiin. These results showed that arctiin has immunomodulating effects in both innate and adaptive immunity. We suggest that arctiin could be a new suppressive immunomodulator.