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Hypertension and renal disease in Dahl salt‐sensitive (SS/Mcwi) rats are dependent on dietary protein intake
Author(s) -
Mattson David,
Marcelle Michelle,
Lund Hayley
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a894-d
Subject(s) - medicine , endocrinology , albumin , excretion , sodium , creatinine , casein , low protein diet , chemistry , high protein diet , kidney , biochemistry , body weight , organic chemistry
We previously observed that the source of dietary protein influences the severity of sodium‐sensitive hypertension in Dahl SS/Mcwi rats; the present study evaluated the influence of the amount of protein consumed on Dahl SS/Mcwi hypertension and renal disease. Rats (6–9/group) were fed isocaloric diets with low (6%), normal (18%), or high (30%) amounts of protein (casein) and 0.4% NaCl from 5 to 12 weeks of age; the NaCl content was increased to 4.0% NaCl for the final 3 weeks of the study. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) increased when the rats were fed the elevated NaCl diet; moreover, it was observed that rats fed the high protein diet developed the highest level of MAP when fed the 4.0% NaCl diet (MAP=153±7 mmHg) compared to rats fed normal (132±3 mmHg) or low protein diets (132±6mmHg). Urinary albumin excretion, an index of kidney damage, significantly and progressively increased during the course of the study in the rats fed the high protein diet. A minimal sodium‐dependent increase in albumin excretion was observed in rats fed the low protein chow when NaCl intake was increased (4±1 mg/day), but albumin excretion further increased to 26±6 mg/day and 114±37 mg/day in rats fed the normal and high protein diets, respectively. The level of sodium intake and the plasma concentration of creatinine, albumin and protein were not different between the groups. A histological analysis demonstrated significantly greater glomerular and tubular damage in the kidneys of rats fed the high protein diet. These results indicate that long‐term restriction of protein intake protects the Dahl SS/Mcwi from sodium‐sensitive hypertension and kidney disease. Moreover, these data demonstrate that hypertension in Dahl SS/Mcwi rats is sensitive to both NaCl and protein intake. Supported by DK‐62803 and HL‐29587.