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White button mushroom extracts up‐regulate tumor necrosis factor [alpha] by lipopolysaccharides(LPS)‐treated THP1 cells
Author(s) -
Kuvibidila Solo,
Korlagunta Kiranmayi
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a738-b
Subject(s) - mushroom , tumor necrosis factor alpha , secretion , chemistry , cytokine , incubation , andrology , microbiology and biotechnology , pharmacology , biology , immunology , food science , biochemistry , medicine
Mushrooms are thought to enhance immunity against infections by various mechanisms including modulation of inflammatory cytokines. While this effect has been investigated for shiitake and maitake mushrooms, it has not been studied for white button mushrooms (WM). The goal of the present study was to determine whether WM extracts (WME) prepared by ethanol precipitation alter TNF‐α secretion by the human monocytic cell line THP1. Cells, 0.5 × 10 6 /ml were incubated without and with 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 μg/ml without and with 2.5 μg/ml LPS for 24 h and 48 h. TNF‐α secreted in the supernatant was assayed by ELISA. In the absence of LPS, WME had no effect on TNF‐α secretion. In LPS‐treated cells for 24 h, WME significantly increased TNF‐α levels in a dose dependent fashion (78.6%–189%, p<0.05). TNF secretion was further enhanced (≤36%) when extracts were prepared from mushroom homogenates boiled for 10 min and 30 min compared to no heat treatment. Incubation of cells with WME for 48 h resulted in a decrease of TNF‐α levels suggesting that the effect is time dependent. While WME had no effect on cell viability, cell proliferation studied by 3 H‐thymidine uptake was reduced by 6–63%. Our data suggest that consumption of WM may enhance antimicrobial activity by up‐regulating TNF‐α during the early phase of an infection. The mechanisms of increased TNF‐α and the effects of WME on other inflammatory cytokines and associated receptors are still under investigation. Sup: USDA/Mushroom Council, and OSU‐CHES grants.