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Taurocholate Enhances Ethanol Induced NFkB Activation and Inhibits Caspase‐3 Activity in Cultured Rat Gastric Epithelium
Author(s) -
Mustonen Harri,
Puolakkainen Pauli,
Kivilaakso Eero
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a1317-b
Subject(s) - viability assay , ethanol , chemistry , apoptosis , cell , cell damage , caspase 3 , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , programmed cell death , biology
This study investigates NFκB activation and apoptosis in cultured gastric epithelium following concomitant exposure to ethanol and taurocholate. METHODS: The Rat gastric mucosal cells (RGM‐1) were exposed for different time periods to ethanol and taurocholate. NFκB activation, caspase‐3 enzyme activity and cell viability were measured. RESULTS. 5% ethanol induced NFκB activation. Exposure to 5% ethanol with simultaneous exposure to 5mM taurocholate increased NFκB activation from 3.4±0.4 to 7.9±0.9 fold control (p<0.01, N=8). Taurocholate exposure alone had no effect on NFκB activation, but it decreased directly caspase‐3 enzyme activity. Low doses of taurocholate also decreased the ethanol induced caspase‐3 activity from 2.0±0.3 to 0.88±0.2 fold control (p=0.02, N=16), opposed ethanol induced decrease in cell viability and opposed ethanol induced cell membrane damage from 7.7±0.3% to 0.6±0.3% (p<0.01, N=24). Larger concentrations than 10 mM of taurocholate with ethanol resulted gradually in severe cell membrane damage and decrease in cell viability. CONCLUSIONS. Although taurocholate itself does not induce NFκB activation at low concentrations, it enhances ethanol induced NFκB activation, inhibits ethanol induced apoptosis directly and increases cell viability lowered by ethanol. Larger concentrations of taurocholate result in cell membrane damage with ensuing loss of cell viability.