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The Instillation of Coarse Coal Ash Particulate Matter Combined with Lipopolysaccharide Causes Both Pulmonary and Systemic Inflammation
Author(s) -
Choi JiEun,
DavisGorman Grace,
Seaver Norma,
Finnerty Katie,
Linak William,
McDonagh Paul
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a1139-c
Subject(s) - systemic inflammation , lipopolysaccharide , inflammation , proinflammatory cytokine , medicine , tumor necrosis factor alpha , saline , aerodynamic diameter , immunology , particulates , chemistry , organic chemistry
Several studies have demonstrated an association of particulate matter (PM) exposure and cardiovascular (CV) complications. However, the mechanisms of PM‐induced CV complications are not clear. Because coarse PM is often associated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), we investigated if coarse PM (≤10 μm mean aerodynamic diameter) combined with LPS would induce pulmonary and systemic inflammation. C57BL/6J mice were intratracheally instilled with 100μl of saline, PM (200μg), LPS (100μg), or PM+LPS. Eighteen hours later, pulmonary and systemic inflammation were assessed by the measurement of proinflammatory cytokines TNF‐α and IL‐6 in lung homogenate and plasma. We found that pulmonary TNF‐α and IL‐6 were significantly different among the PM, LPS, and PM+LPS groups, where the latter group had the greatest concentration. There were no differences in plasma TNF‐α among the groups. However, plasma IL‐6 was significantly greater in the PM+LPS group, but not in the LPS group, compared to the PM group. Our results demonstrate that the PM+LPS group elicited the greatest response in pulmonary and systemic inflammation. These findings indicate that the combination of coarse PM and LPS causes a systemic inflammatory response which may aggravate the CV complications of air pollution. Funded by a grant from the Arizona Biomedical Research Commission and NIH ES 06694