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Investigation of Apo‐lycopenals in DU145 & LNCaP Cells
Author(s) -
Ford Nikki A.,
Erdman John W.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a1088-c
Subject(s) - du145 , lycopene , lncap , metabolite , carotenoid , chemistry , in vitro , cell growth , cell culture , prostate cancer , endocrinology , pharmacology , biochemistry , medicine , biology , cancer , genetics
Epidemiologically, tomato products have been associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer and lycopene is cited as a carotenoid in tomatoes that may be responsible. We analyzed proliferation of androgen‐independent DU145 cells treated with lycopene and the effects of changing vs. not changing media daily allowing for the creation of lycopene metabolites. A 77% inhibition of DU145 cells was observed with treatment of 10μM lycopene when media was unchanged for the 72 hour incubation period. Alternatively, only a 4% inhibition of DU145 cells was observed with treatment of 10μM lycopene when media was changed daily. This may indicate that lycopene metabolites are responsible for inhibition of cell growth instead of only intact lycopene. Since a lycopene metabolite, apo‐8′‐lycopenal, was discovered in the liver of rats fed lycopene, this metabolite was investigated. Additionally, apo‐10′‐lycopenal and apo‐12′‐lycopenal were further investigated in vitro. Apo‐10′‐lycopenal and apo‐12′‐lycopenal inhibited proliferation of DU145 cells but increased proliferation of androgen‐dependent LNCaP cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Interestingly, apo‐8′‐lycopenal did not have an effect on either cell line. These apo‐lycopenals may be found in prostate cancer cells and media after treatment as determined by HPLC‐PDA analysis. Further, metabolites of the apo‐lycopenals were found in the cells.