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Smooth muscle seeded natural collagen scaffolds for tissue engineered blood vessels
Author(s) -
Yazdani Saami K.,
Machingal Masood,
Watts Benjamin,
Jarajapu Yagna P.R.,
Van Dyke Mark E.,
Christ George J.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a81
Subject(s) - decellularization , scaffold , seeding , biomedical engineering , bioreactor , tissue engineering , regeneration (biology) , lumen (anatomy) , chemistry , regenerative medicine , materials science , cell , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , medicine , agronomy , biochemistry , organic chemistry
Use of tissue engineered blood vessels (TEBV) is a relatively new approach to develop bypass grafts that address deficiencies in current synthetic conduits. To date, researchers have successfully seeded the lumen of TEBV with endothelial cells (EC) to produce a confluent endothelial monolayer. However, seeding smooth muscle cells (SMC) onto acellular scaffolds and facilitating their repopulation of the vessel wall has proven more challenging. The goal of this study was to increase the efficacy of SMC attachment and enhance cellular infiltration into the scaffold wall via surface modifications of decellularized scaffolds in combination with various bioreactor preconditioning protocols. To this end, we performed a set of static and dynamic seeding experiments onto surface modified scaffolds (i.e., in the presence and absence of the adventitial layer) to determine optimal cell seeding density and seeding environment. We combined surface modification with the various seeding strategies and distinct bioreactor preconditioning protocols. The results of these experiments demonstrated the feasibility of impregnating decellularized scaffolds with SMC to form a functional muscular layer in the vessel wall. In conclusion these studies document the importance of surface modification and bioreactor preconditioning protocols to improve SMC remodeling, and thus, enhance tissue formation/maturation in TEBV.