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Exercise‐Induced Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesis
Author(s) -
Terjung Ronald L,
Yang HT
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a79-c
Subject(s) - arteriogenesis , angiogenesis , blood flow , medicine , cardiology , limiting , peripheral , mechanical engineering , engineering
Exercise imparts a powerful stimulus for angiogenesis (proliferation of capillaries) and arteriogenesis (enlargement of preexisting vessels). These responses become most important in peripheral arterial insufficiency where blood flow is significantly reduced. Enhanced capillarity within the active muscle supports a greater oxygen extraction to optimize utilization of limited oxygen delivery. The exercise‐induced enlargement of collateral vessels significantly increases blood flow to collateral‐dependent tissue, resulting in a markedly improved muscle function. Enlargement of preexisting arterioles is likely a result of the increased blood flow, and thereby shear stress. The process is: self‐limiting, since vessel enlargement serves to reduce the shear stress for the given blood flow required during exercise; dependent upon normal NO production; and distinct from angiogenesis. Regularly performed physical activity can help manage patients with peripheral arterial insufficiency, particularly those exhibiting symptoms of intermittent claudication.