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Validation of self‐reported dietary intakes in children age 5 to 7 years
Author(s) -
Nord Michele,
Shoff Suzanne,
Zhang Zhumin,
Davis Lisa,
Lai HuiChuan
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a709-c
Subject(s) - medicine , food frequency questionnaire , micronutrient , calorie , doubly labeled water , total energy expenditure , energy expenditure , zoology , demography , environmental health , biology , pathology , sociology
Objective: Few studies have examined the agreement between self‐reported energy intake (EI) and measured total energy expenditure (TEE) and estimated energy requirement (EER) in young children. Our objectives are to validate 3‐day food record (FR) and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) by TEE, to compare TEE with EER, and to determine if EER can be used to adjust self‐reported EI. Methods: Prospective annual assessment of dietary intake by the Harvard FFQ and FR was initiated at age 5 years in the C hildhood O rigins of A sthma (COAST) study. TEE was measured by doubly‐labeled water. EER was estimated by equations from the 2005 Dietary Reference Intakes, assuming low physical activity. Data from 39 children aged 5–7 years were analyzed. Results: EI averaged 1485 ± 244 kcal from FR and 2098 ± 479 kcal from FFQ. TEE averaged 1460 ± 195 kcal and EER averaged 1476 ± 101 kcal. EI from FR was similar to TEE (p=0.61); however, EI from FFQ was 45 ± 4% higher than TEE (p<0.0001). EER was positively correlated with TEE (r 2 = 0.52). When FFQ calories were adjusted by TEE, EER, or per 1000 kcal, intakes of vitamins C and E, calcium, iron, but not vitamin A, were similar to those reported by FR. Conclusions: FR assessed EI more accurately than FFQ in children age 5–7 years. After energy adjustment, FFQ and FR agree well for most micronutrients. EER can serve as a substitute for direct measures of TEE to adjust self‐reported EI. (Supported by Am Lung Assoc)