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Longitudinal Patterns in Away From Home Eating: Associations with Year 20 BMI in the CARDIA Study
Author(s) -
Duffey Kiyah J,
GordonLarsen Penny,
Jacobs David,
Popkin Barry M
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a684-b
Subject(s) - body mass index , calorie , medicine , demography , obesity , food consumption , consumption (sociology) , environmental health , gerontology , social science , sociology , agricultural economics , economics
Consumption of food away from home, fast food in particular, is thought to contribute to obesity due to higher energy density. Using data from Year 7 (1992–93), 10 (1995–96), 15 (2000–01) and 20 (2005–2006) of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study we examined the temporal association between away from home food consumption and change in body mass index (BMI) in 2727 participants. Based on previous CARDIA findings, we hypothesized that average frequency of fast food, but not restaurant, consumption would predict BMI increases at follow‐up. We regressed year 20 BMI on average frequencies of restaurant and fast food consumption (across years 7 and 10), adjusting for gender, race, age, study center and year 10 BMI, smoking status, and total calories and physical activity in a multiple linear regression analysis. Over 10 years, the average BMI change was 2.0 (SD: 3.4) kg/m 2 . Higher average fast food intake between year 7 and 10 was associated with higher weight at year 20 (mean BMI: 0.09 kg/m 2 per fast food time/week (SE: 0.04) p= 0.019) while higher mean restaurant consumption was not (mean BMI: 0.0034 kg/m 2 per restaurant time/week (SE −0.02) p= 0.9443). Restaurant and fast food should be independently examined in studies of away from home food. In weight gain prevention efforts, consideration should be given to different consumption recommendations between these food sources.