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Cation interaction during transectodermal uptake in a simplified teleost embryonic accumulation model
Author(s) -
Shanklin Douglas Radford
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a507-c
Subject(s) - chemistry , biophysics , sodium , ion transporter , embryo , ectoderm , flux (metallurgy) , ion , homeostasis , ternary operation , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , embryogenesis , membrane , biology , gene , organic chemistry , computer science , programming language
Early vertebrate embryo ion flux is prerequisite to differentiation, maturation, and organogenesis. The onset of cation channels is not well understood; some genes for α –subunit sodium channels are found in zebrafish embryos as early as 24 hours post fertilization. Functionality of ion flux, which presumes the presence of some ion channels, was tested in Fundulus heteroclitus embryos with fully intact ectoderm (Oppenheimer stages 22–27). Artificial sea waters of chlorides of Na, Mg, K, Ca with radiotracer 22 Na, 24 Na, 42 K, and 45 Ca (Mg microchemically) in combinations of one, two, three, or four cations, with and without osmotic rebalance with sucrose were used. Interaction of cations influenced net uptakes in complex but systematic ways. For example, mixes without Mg only were often inhibitory but facilitory when K was present. Ternary mixes facilitated flux of Na and Ca compared to binary solutions. The gradient differential was inward for Mg and outward for Na, K, and Ca. The activity of ions in this system was Ca>K>Mg>Na, the reverse of concentration and in order of their atomic mass. These effects may influence hydrated ion homeostasis in mature tissues prior to specific channel entry.