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Patterns of beverage consumption associated with adolescent obesity in the U.S.
Author(s) -
Keast Debra Rose,
Weatherspoon Lorraine J,
Hoerr Sharon L
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a5-c
Subject(s) - overweight , percentile , obesity , medicine , body mass index , odds ratio , environmental health , fruit juice , demography , food science , mathematics , endocrinology , chemistry , statistics , sociology
Associations of beverage patterns and lifestyle factors with overweight/risk for overweight, BMI percentile, and percent body fat were examined in adolescents age 12‐16 yr in NHANES III, 1988‐94 (n=1,872). Youth were classified by usual intakes of a combination of beverage types using a FFQ. Model results included crude and adjusted odds ratios for overweight/risk for overweight, and least‐square means of BMI percentile and percent body fat for beverage pattern groups. Associations of beverage patterns with lifestyle factors were also examined. Significantly greater percentages of the ‘milk & juice’ group than ‘sugar‐sweetened beverages’ group ate breakfast every day (57% vs . 21%), exercised daily (35% vs . 28%), played on ≥3 sports teams (37% vs . 16%), and watched TV ≤ 1 hour/day (39% vs . 20%). Beverage patterns were also associated with income and SES (p<0.01). BMI percentile was higher in the ‘sugar‐sweetened beverages’ group than in the ‘milk & juice’ group, in models not adjusted for SES or TV watching. In addition, the ‘milk & juice’ group had low crude and adjusted odds ratios for overweight/risk for overweight (crude OR=0.52, 95% CI = 0.28‐0.96), and significantly lower percent body fat in comparisons of beverage pattern groups, except in models adjusted for SES, TV watching, or physical activity. Thus, SES, lifestyle factors and beverage patterns were inter‐related, and all were associated with BMI and body fat in adolescents. These data support recommendations that youth eat breakfast daily, reduce soft drink intake, and limit TV watching to reduce the risk for overweight.