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Induction of Nrf2 and antioxidant response element (ARE)‐mediated gene expression by Chrysanthemum zawadskii roots
Author(s) -
Park MinJi,
Kang HyeSuk,
Jin KyongSook,
Kim YoungHoon,
Kim JongSang,
Jeong WooSik
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a362
Subject(s) - gene expression , chemistry , antioxidant , glutathione , heme oxygenase , biochemistry , gene , reporter gene , microbiology and biotechnology , ethyl acetate , carcinogen , glutathione reductase , enzyme , biology , heme , glutathione peroxidase
Nuclear transcription factor E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been known to play a key role in the induction of Phase 2 detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione S‐transferase (GST), quinone reductase (QR) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO‐1), which is mediated by antioxidant response element (ARE) in the promoter region of these genes. Induction of these genes is believed as an important protection mechanism of cells or tissues against exposure to various carcinogens and carcinogenic metabolites. The ethanol extract of Chrysanthemum zawadskii roots were fractionated with a series of organic solvents including hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate and butanol, and examined for their ability to induce expression of Nrf2 and activation of ARE‐reporter gene in HepG2 cells. The DCM fraction potently induced Nrf2 protein expression as well as ARE‐reporter gene activity. In addition, the DCM fraction enhanced the mRNA expression of phase 2 genes such as GST, QR and HO‐1. We further separated the DCM fraction into 13 sub‐fractions using open column chromatography and thin layer chromatography techniques. Several sub‐fractions showed strong effects on the induction of Nrf2 and Phase 2/antioxidant genes expression. These results indicate that Chrysanthemum zawadskii roots might be a good source of potentail natural chemopreventive agents.