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Effect of menaquinone‐4, vitamin D and n‐3 fats on ovariectomized rat bone loss
Author(s) -
Hunt David W.,
Roberts Stephen,
Davidson Robert T.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a357
Subject(s) - ovariectomized rat , endocrinology , medicine , vitamin , bone mineral , fish oil , vitamin k2 , chemistry , vitamin d and neurology , bone density , osteoporosis , biology , estrogen , fish <actinopterygii> , fishery
Study Objective: To determine the effect of pharmacological menquinone‐4 (vitamin K) supplementation in combination with either vitamin D or n‐3 fatty acid on bone mineralization and bone strength in ovariectomized rats. Methods: Six‐month old Sprague‐Dawley rats were sham‐operated (Sham) or ovariectomized (OVX). OVX rats were assigned to dietary treatment as follows. 1. Control diet. 2. High vitamin D diet: normal vitamin K (1 mg/kg diet) and high vitamin D (0.05 mg/kg diet). 3. High n‐3 diet: normal vitamin K (1 mg/kg diet) and high n‐3 (fish oil). 4. High vitamin K diet: high vitamin K (1500 mg/kg diet) 5. High vitamin K and D diet: high vitamin K (1500 mg/kg diet) and high vitamin D (0.05 mg/kg diet). 6. High vitamin K and n‐3 diet: high vitamin K (1500 mg/kg diet) and high n‐3 (fish oil). OVX rats were pair‐fed with the Sham rats to control energy intakes. After an eight month treatment period femurs were analyzed for bone mineral density (BMD) using dual energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA), bone strength using a three‐point bending test, and bone mineral content (ash). Results: Vitamins K and D supplemented rats had a significantly lower percent BMD loss (p<0.01) when compared with the OVX control group. Vitamin K with n‐3 fatty acid supplementation appeared to increase percent BMD loss in OVX rats but results were insignificant (p=0.115). Conclusions: Pharmacological levels of vitamin K and vitamin D significantly reduced OVX‐induced bone loss. Supported by a Brigham Young University Mentored Environment Grant.