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Specialty potato extract and its anthocyanin fraction induce caspase‐independent apoptosis by nuclear translocation of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) and Endonuclease G (Endo G) in prostate cancer cells
Author(s) -
Reddivari L.,
Vanamala J.,
Safe S.H.,
Miller J.C.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a158-a
Subject(s) - lncap , apoptosis , chemistry , mapk/erk pathway , cancer cell , cancer research , kinase , biology , biochemistry , cancer , genetics
Polyphenols from fruits and vegetables showed anti‐cancer properties both in vitro and in vivo. Specialty (colored) potatoes are laden with polyphenols, and thus a potential route for uptake of these compounds by humans due to high consumption of this vegetable. In this study, we investigated mechanism of action for anti‐proliferative and pro‐apoptotic effects of potato extract and its fractions on LNCaP (androgen‐dependent) and PC3 (androgen‐independent) prostate cancer cells. We measured growth inhibition (WST; FACS), apoptosis (TUNEL) and Endo G, AIF, p‐c‐jun, and p‐ERK (Westerns). Potato extract (PE) and the anthocyanin fraction (AF) at 5 μg chlorogenic acid eq/ml inhibited growth of LNCaP and PC3 cells, however, G 0 /G‐S phase progression was inhibited only in LNCaP cells. PE and AF resulted in caspase‐dependent apoptosis in LNCaP cells. PE and AF induced phosphorylation of kinases (c‐jun and ERK) and nuclear translocation of Endo G and AIF (caspase‐independent apoptotic proteins) in both LNCaP and PC3 cells. Kinase inhibitors reversed this nuclear translocation. This is the first report showing that the pro‐apoptotic activities of PE/AF in cancer cells were due to activation of caspase‐independent apoptosis. Current studies are focused on development of potato cultivars with increased levels of polyphenols with potential anti‐cancer activities. Funded by CSREES special research grant.