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A high ratio of dietary palmitic/linoleic acid increases post‐prandial NF‐kB, small LDL and large HDL particles in normolipidemic females
Author(s) -
Rakhkovskaya Marina,
Yamada Naomi,
Kaur Deepinder,
Whinter Janice,
Bataineh Mo'ath,
Khosla Pramod
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a157-a
Subject(s) - postprandial , chemistry , medicine , endocrinology , palmitic acid , meal , oleic acid , linoleic acid , cholesterol , fatty acid , food science , biochemistry , insulin
Recent evidence suggests that inflammation and postprandial lipemia are important in the development of atherosclerosis. The latter is influenced by dietary fat, however, not all fatty acids affect postprandial lipids similarly. The current study evaluated two different ratios of palmitic/linoleic (16:0/18:2) fatty acids on postprandial lipid metabolism and the intensity of the inflammatory response. Eight normocholesterolemic females (Age 23.5±2.2 yrs; BW 58±7.5 kg; BMI 21.5±2.2 kg/m2; Total plasma cholesterol (TC) 170±19 mg/dL; HDL‐C 57±12 mg/dL; fasting glucose 91±11 mg/dL; x±SD) were subjected to fat loads with different 16:0/18:2 fatty acids ratios but constant amounts of oleic acid. Blood samples were taken after 12 hours of fasting and 2h, 4h, and 8h after consumption of the test meals for lipid analyses, CETP, LCAT activities, and NF‐kB, CRP, and fibrinogen determination. Lipoproteins and their subfractions were also analyzed by NMR spectroscopy. Principle findings:‐ The diet with the high ratio of 16:0/18:2 increased the concentration of small LDL and large HDL fractions. Also, high 16:0/18:2 meal increased the inflammatory marker NF‐kB. These data suggest that the negative influence of saturated fatty acids on LDL profile may be offset by an increase in large HDL, however an increase in inflammatory markers may be the driving force for atherosclerosis (supported in part by a grant from the Malaysian Palm Oil Board).