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Genetic Polymorphism of the Adenosine A 2A Receptor Affects Habitual Caffeine Consumption
Author(s) -
Cornelis Marilyn C,
ElSohemy Ahmed,
Campos Hannia
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a115-b
Subject(s) - caffeine , genotype , adenosine receptor , cyp1a2 , medicine , odds ratio , confidence interval , population , endocrinology , allele , physiology , receptor , biology , genetics , gene , metabolism , environmental health , cytochrome p450 , agonist
Caffeine is the most widely consumed stimulant in the world and individual differences in response to its stimulating effects may explain some of the variability in caffeine consumption within a population. We examined whether genetic variability in caffeine metabolism ( CYP1A2 ‐163A>C) or the major target of caffeine action ( ADORA2A 1083C>T) affects habitual caffeine consumption. Subjects (n=2735) were participants from a study of gene‐diet interactions and risk of myocardial infarction who did not have a history of hypertension. Genotype frequencies were examined among individuals who were categorized according to their self‐reported daily caffeine intake as assessed using a validated food‐frequency questionnaire. ADORA2A , but not CYP1A2 , genotype was associated with different levels of caffeine intake. Compared to individuals consuming <100 mg/d of caffeine, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for having the ADORA2A TT genotype were 0.74 (0.53–1.03), 0.63 (0.48–0.83) and 0.57 (0.42–0.77) for those consuming 100–200, >200–400, and >400 mg/d, respectively. The association was more pronounced among current smokers than among nonsmokers. Individuals with the ADORA2A TT genotype were also more likely to consume less caffeine (i.e. <100 mg/d) compared to carriers of the C allele [P= 0.011 (nonsmokers), P=0.008 (smokers)]. Our findings demonstrate that the probability of having the ADORA2A 1083 TT genotype decreases as the level of habitual caffeine consumption increases. This observation provides a biological basis for caffeine consumption behavior and suggests that individuals with this genotype might be less vulnerable to caffeine dependence. Funded by CIHR (MOP‐53147) and NIH (HL 60692,HL 071888).