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Renal Tubules; Diversity with Distinction for Therapies and Disease
Author(s) -
Bacallao Robert
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a1-d
Subject(s) - nephrotoxicity , acute tubular necrosis , kidney , proximal tubule , tubule , polycystic kidney disease , pathology , disease , medicine , renal tubule , endocrinology , chemistry , biology
The glomerular filtrate, roughly 100 liters per day is processed through different tubule segments that are linked in series such that each has a distinction role in the modification of the filtrate into urine. The cell biology of the renal epithelial system is dependent on a number of specific transporters which also generate the solute/solvent internal milieu for the rest of the cells in the body. The tubule specific expression of various hormones and transporters are regularly utilized as targets for therapeutics (i.e. diuretics). Pathology of tubules can be related to events that lead to the death of a tubule segment(s) (i.e. from nephrotoxic drugs or ischemia) or inherited conditions (i.e. polycystic kidney disease. I will review aspects of renal tubular cell biology as they contributes to the development of these conditions. Acute tubular necrosis, can develop from ischemia due to shock, surgically induced renal ischemia and nephrotoxic drugs like cisplatin or gentamicin leading to derangements in tubule function such as renal concentrating defects. Renal cystic disease is a relatively common inherited disease with a defect in planar polarity in which the renal epithelial cells have both increased proliferation and apoptosis, probably secondary to their inability to establish appropriate intercellular or cell:matrix interactions.