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Vitamin D concentration in serum and milk of breastfeeding women
Author(s) -
Adamczyk Iwona,
Pater Agnieszka,
Rola Rafał,
SinkiewiczDarol Elena,
MankowskaCyl Aneta,
Twaruzek Magdalena,
Sypniewska Grazyna
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.05197
Subject(s) - breastfeeding , breast milk , lactation , vitamin d and neurology , medicine , vitamin , breast feeding , endocrinology , serum concentration , human breast milk , zoology , chemistry , pregnancy , biology , biochemistry , pediatrics , genetics
Background The hormonally active form of vitamin D generates a number of extraskeletal biological responses, which significantly influences body's homeostasis. The evaluation of vitamin D concentration and supplementing deficiency for breastfeeding women are crucial to maintain good health. The purpose of the study was to measure vitamin D concentration in serum and milk of breastfeeding women, including the influence of supplementation. Hypothesis : Most of breastfeeding women are deficient in vitamin D. Material and methods Blood and breast milk samples were collected consecutively from 46 healthy, non‐obese, Caucasian, breastfeeding women at different stages of lactation. The LC‐MS/MS method was applied for the measurements of vitamin D. Serum and breast milk vitamin D concentrations in the form of 25(OH)D₂, 25(OH)D₃ and total 25(OH)D were measured in Polish breastfeeding women. Results Serum total 25(OH)D concentrations ranged from 50.2 to 115.7 nmol/L (mean value 75.8±15.5 nmol/L ) , while breast milk 25(OH)D₃ concentrations ranged between 0.03‐1.78 nmol/L (0.64±0.42 nmol/L). More than a half of the examined women (52%) supplement vitamin D using different medications and half of the women showed insufficient (50‐75 nmol/L) serum levels of total 25(OH)D. There were no correlations between maternal serum total 25(OH)D concentration and 25(OH)D₃ in breast milk concentration (R=0.27 p=0.07). Breast milk 25(OH)D₃ concentrations were correlated to the duration of breastfeeding (R=0.54 p=0.0002). The median milk 25(OH)D₃ concentration in mothers breastfeeding for more than 9 months was significantly higher (p<0.0005) when compared to women who were breastfeeding for less than 9 months (0.78 vs 0.33 nmol/L). Conclusions Exactly half of the examined women in the reproductive period have deficiency of vitamin D. It seems that vitamin D supplementation is an important element in maintaining the optimal concentration of this vitamin in the body. Prolonged breastfeeding (more than 9 months) affects the concentrations of 25(OH)D₃ in human milk.