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Influence of Food Mycotoxins on Metabolic Indicators of Pigs of Different Ages
Author(s) -
Shafiev Aleksei,
Kriyachko Oksana,
Lukoyanova Lyubov,
Gaponova Viktoriya,
Anisimova Kseniya
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.02435
Subject(s) - mycotoxin , lactate dehydrogenase , zoology , alkaline phosphatase , globulin , albumin , biology , food science , veterinary medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , toxicology , enzyme , biochemistry , endocrinology , medicine
The purpose of our work was to determine the presence of mycotoxins in the supplied feed for pig farms and to study the effect of even insignificant, below the maximum permissible concentration of mycotoxins in feed on the biochemical processes of pigs of different age groups. The studies were carried out at one of the large pig farms in the North‐West region of Russia and at the Department of Pathological Physiology of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine (SPbGUVM). For mycotoxicological studies, 40 feed examinations were carried out. Mycotoxins T‐2 (T‐2 mycotoxin) and DON (deoxynivalenol, vomitoxin) were found in 27 examinations during mycotoxicological research, which is 67.5% of the samples of the studied feed. At the same time, the concentration of mycotoxins T‐2 and DON did't exceed the maximum permissible level and was at the level of 20 ± 5 μg / kg and 200 ± 5 μg / kg, respectively. According to the results of biochemical studies of the blood of suckling pigs, piglets of the rearing and fattening groups, the control group of pigs shows a significant decrease in the content of glucose, total protein, albumin and globulins. At the same time, the activity of enzymes is noted, namely, an increase in alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. There is also an increase in urea levels. In addition, there is a decrease in the concentration of inorganic phosphorus and total calcium. The conducted studies allow us to conclude that the problem of feed toxicity does not cease to be relevant, despite the ongoing quality control measures at the feed mills. As a result of biochemical studies of blood serum, attention is drawn to a decrease in indicators such as total protein, albumin and globulins. In our opinion, this can lead to a decrease in the function of protective humoral mechanisms, both from the side of innate (phagocytosis) and adaptive (antitelogenesis) links of immunity. An increase in alkaline phosphatase allows us to assume the presence of abnormalities in the liver. We attribute the increase in the content of urea to the beginning development of acidosis. Summarizing the data obtained, we made the following conclusions that even insignificant concentrations of mycotoxins can lead both to a serious shift in the body's defenses, and to a shift in metabolic processes and the development of acidosis and organopathologies. In such cases, when suddenly emerging diseases of various etiologies appear, we recommend adding mycotoxicological monitoring of feed to the complex of diagnostic measures.