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Severity of Cerebrovascular Dysfunction Associated with Electronic Cigarette Wattage
Author(s) -
Burrage Emily,
Mills Amber,
Bruce J. Alex,
Reppert Sarah,
Plants Rachel,
Nassabeh Sydney,
Olfert I. Mark,
Chantler Paul
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.02434
Subject(s) - sodium nitroprusside , medicine , nicotine , electronic cigarette , phenylephrine , anesthesia , zoology , cardiology , toxicology , nitric oxide , biology , pathology , blood pressure
Electronic cigarettes (E‐cigs) have been marketed as safer alternative to traditional tobacco cigarettes; however, little has been done to assess the impact of various settings (such as wattage) towards vascular health, specifically cerebrovascular function. Using a whole‐body chamber (SCIREQ InExpose), mice (n=5‐6/group) were exposed to aerosol produced from a Joyetech eGrip OLED E‐cig device with no nicotine using 5‐sec puffs at either 5 (W)atts or 30 W for 100 puffs/day, 5 days/week, for 4 weeks. Control mice were exposed to ambient air. Twenty‐four hours after the final exposure mice were euthanized and the middle cerebral arteries (MCA) were removed and positioned in a pressurized myobath. To test for vessel health, the MCA was exposed to increasing concentrations of acetylcholine (Ach; 10‐9M to 10‐4M), phenylephrine (PE; 10‐9M to 10‐4M), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 10‐9M to 10‐4M). Maximal MCA dilation was impaired in both the 5W and 30W groups (7.5±1.3um vs 2.7±2.9um respectively, p<0.0001) compared to controls (16.7±0.7um), with the 30W groups displaying greater (84%) impairment compared to the 5W group (55%)(p<0.05). Both the 5W and 30W groups exhibited an impaired response to SNP compared to controls (7.3±2.5um, 5.8±3.5um respectively vs 15±1.8um, p<0.05) while only the 30W groups exhibited an impaired response to PE compared to controls (‐9.8±3.7um vs ‐17.1±3.3um). These data show that vaping E‐cigs at low wattage induces >50% reduction in cerebrovascular reactivity, and that increasing the wattage (i.e. temperature) produced greater impairment. For both wattage conditions, dysfunction was observed in endothelial‐dependent and ‐independent mechanisms, demonstrating that vaping results in significant cerebrovascular health risks.