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BSCL2/Seipin in Lipid metabolism and Lipodystrophy
Author(s) -
Chen Weiqin
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.00010
Subject(s) - lipodystrophy , adipose tissue , white adipose tissue , brown adipose tissue , biology , adipose triglyceride lipase , endocrinology , lipid droplet , lipotoxicity , medicine , adipocyte , thermogenesis , lipolysis , microbiology and biotechnology , insulin resistance , insulin , genetics , virus , viral load , antiretroviral therapy
Adipose tissue is the body's largest endocrine organ that plays a major role in systemic energy homeostasis and thermoregulation. Mutations in BSCL2 (a.k.a. Seipin) gene underlie human type 2 Berardinelli‐Seip Congenital Lipodystrophy (BSCL2) disease with near absence of adipose tissue at birth and severe metabolic diseases. Global Bscl2 −/− mice largely recapitulate human BSCL2 lipodystrophy. Seipin is known for its critical role in controlling lipid droplet (LD) assembly at the LD‐forming subdomain of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but its exact functional role has been enigmatic. Our laboratory has focused on elucidating the mechanisms through which Seipin regulates adipocyte differentiation, lipodystrophy and its associated metabolic diseases. This presentation will focus on the physiological role of Seipin in mediating cAMP/PKA signaling to regulate lipid catabolism in mature white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) which exerts profound impact on metabolic homeostasis and thermogenesis. We will also explore the role of Seipin as a key node that links ATGL‐mediated lipolysis to mitochondrial function in WAT, BAT and heart. These findings will provide novel insights into Seipin's role in cellular and organismal biology and its importance in human health.