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Diversity of nasal and intestinal microbiome in the first 24 hours of life in newborns
Author(s) -
Carbajal Patricia Bautista,
Pérez-Gopar Martha A.,
Espinoza-Torres Bogart,
Hernández-Pérez Brenda,
Rodríguez-Bernabe Alma A.,
García-León Miguel L.,
RiveraÁvalos Carlos E.,
Santaella-Servin Monserrat,
López-soto Iris I.,
Ángel-Ambrocio Antonio H.,
Wong-Chew Rosa M.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.04945
Subject(s) - firmicutes , bacteroidetes , fusobacteria , microbiome , actinobacteria , feces , biology , proteobacteria , verrucomicrobia , microbiology and biotechnology , 16s ribosomal rna , bacteria , bioinformatics , genetics
Disbyosis in the intestinal microbiome has been associated to disease. It has been described that newborns are sterile and get colonized in the first days. Little is known about the respiratory microbiome in the first hours of life. The aim of the study was to compare the nasal and intestinal microbiome in newborns by c‐section (C) and vaginal delivery (V). Methods Women who gave birth in the previous 24 hours were invited to have their babies to participate in the study. Nasal swabs and feces were obtained. DNA extraction from nasal and fecal samples was performed, V3‐V4 of the RNA 16S ribosomal subunit was determined by PCR and NG sequencing of this region was done for taxonomic identification of the microbiome. Results 30 C newborns and 30 V were included. There was a 10% detection of V3‐V4 in nasal washes in C compared to 50% in V, and 46% vs 53% detection of V3‐V4 in feces of C and V, respectively. Phylum analysis showed C vs V: Firmicutes in 50% vs 22% Proteobacteria 39% vs 75% Actinobacteria 6% vs 2%, Bacteroidetes 4% vs 0.9%, Verrucomicrobia 0.8% vs 0% and not classified 0.6% vs 0.2%, respectively. In nasal samples C vs V we found: Firmicutes 49% vs 45%, Proteobacteria 36% vs 27%, Actinobacteria 4.4% vs 11%, Bacteroidetes 7.6% vs 10%, Fusobacteria 0.2 vs 3% and not classified 2.8% vs 4%, respectively. The genus analysis showed in C newborns feces: Enterococcus in 20%, Streptococcus 2%, Lactobacillae 1%, Staphylococcus 22%, Clostridiales 2%, Escherichia‐Shigella 22%, Enterobacteriacea 13%, Acinetobacter 1%, Bifidobacterium 4%, Actinomycetales 2%, Bacteroides 2%; in V newborns Enterobacteriacea in 27%, Escherichia Shigella 47%, Clostridiales 18%, Sarcina 1%, Leuconostoc 1%, Bifidobacteria 2%. In nasal samples of V newborns there was a higher genus diversity (30) than C newborns (22) and less Stahylococcus (4% vs 14%) and Streptococcus (11% vs 32%), respectively. Conclusions A lower proportion of C newborns are colonized in the respiratory airway in the first hours of life. C newborns have Staphylococus and Streptococcus in their intestinal microbiome which can be found in the skin of their mothers while in V newborns Enterobacteria is predominant. A higher genus diversity and less Streptococcus and Staphylococcus is observed in the nasal microbiome of V newborns compared to C newborns. Support or Funding Information This study was funded by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) Mexico, grant number SALUD 2015‐878, PI Rosa M. Wong‐Chew.