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Two weeks of severe food restriction has long‐term adverse effects on cardiac function three months after refeeding in female Fischer rats
Author(s) -
De Souza Aline M.A.,
De Almeida Jônathas F.Q.,
West Crystal,
Ji Hong,
Sandberg Kathryn
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.03727
Subject(s) - medicine , bradycardia , cardiac function curve , blood pressure , heart rate , perfusion , analysis of variance , mean arterial pressure , cardiology , diastole , endocrinology , anesthesia , heart failure
Severe food restriction (sFR) is associated with acute cardiovascular dysfunction including long QT intervals, arrhythmias, hypotension, bradycardia and sometimes sudden cardiac death. Little, however, is known regarding the long‐term effects of sFR after these individuals have recovered their body weight (BW). Methods Three‐month‐old female Fischer rats were divided into 2 groups and maintained on a control (CT; regular chow ad libitum , n=8) or sFR (60% reduction of daily food intake, n=8) diet. After 2 weeks on the sFR diet, all rats received regular chow ad libitum for three months (‐Refed). Thereafter, cardiac function was assessed in isolated hearts using Langendorff method before and after 30 minutes of ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R). Results After 14 days of the sFR diet, rats lost 18% of their BW. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) (p<0.05) and heart rate (HR) (p<0.05) were also reduced compared to CT rats. Although no differences in BW were detected between the CT‐Refed and sFR‐Refed rats, perfusion pressure was increased by approximately 17 mm Hg (p<0.05 by 2‐way ANOVA), left ventricular systolic and diastolic pressures were increased by approximately 17 and 15 mm Hg, respectively (p<0.05 by 2‐way‐ANOVA), and HR was reduced by approximately 81 bpm (p<0.05 by 2 way‐ANOVA) in sFR‐Refed compared to CT‐Refed hearts during I/R. In addition, the sFR‐Refed had 2‐fold more arrhythmias (%: CT‐Refed, 34 ± 8 vs sFR‐Refed, 68 ± 9; p<0.05) during I/R than CT‐Refed hearts. Conclusion Despite normalization of BW and basal MAP 3 months after refeeding, isolated hearts from animals subjected to sFR and refeeding had higher perfusion, left ventricular systolic and diastolic pressures and lower HR and were more susceptible to I/R‐induced arrhythmias than hearts from CT‐Refed rats. This study has clinical ramifications for individuals who engage in short term very low calorie dieting or have experienced inadequate food intake from other causes (e.g., very low food security, war, natural disasters) who may be at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Support or Funding Information NIH 1R01HL119380 (KS); AHA 19POST34380744 (AS)