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Chronic Sustained Hypoxic Exposure Can Improve Glucose Metabolism in Mice
Author(s) -
Park Yeram,
Hwang Deunsol,
Kim Jisu,
Lim Kiwon
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.02845
Subject(s) - medicine , endocrinology , mitochondrial biogenesis , hypoxia (environmental) , carbohydrate metabolism , metabolism , biology , basal metabolic rate , lipid metabolism , glycolysis , chemistry , mitochondrion , biochemistry , oxygen , organic chemistry
Purpose Hypoxic therapy has been reported to improve glucose metabolism. In previous studies, there were many studies that determined whether hypoxia regulate glucose metabolism. However, it is still unclear whether hypoxia would only affect whole‐body energy expenditure and energy utilization. In addition, along with energy metabolism, it needs to confirm the gene expression associated with glucose metabolism. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of hypoxia exposure on resting metabolic rate, changes of protein expression related to glucose metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis in muscle tissue. Methods Seven‐week‐old ICR male mice (n=16) were divided into two groups: normoxia pair‐fed to hypoxia (Nor), chronic hypoxia (Chr). Normoxia group was exposed to 21% O 2 and chronic hypoxia group was 12% O 2 for 3 weeks. After 3 weeks, we confirmed resting metabolic rate (RMR), body composition, and protein expression related to glucose metabolism for hexokinase 2 (HXK2), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and mitochondrial biogenesis for peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator‐1 alpha (PGC‐1α). RMR was measured using an open circuit calorimetry system. Results In resting metabolic rate, carbohydrate oxidation and energy expenditure were significantly higher in the Chr group than in the Nor group. In soleus muscle, PDH protein level was higher in the Chr group than Nor (p=0.015) group. HXK 2 protein level tended to be higher about 21% in the Chr group (p=0.09). PGC1α protein level was higher in the Chr group than Nor group (p=0.032). Conclusion Our data shows that chronic sustained hypoxia significantly improved energy metabolism. Especially, carbohydrate oxidation and protein levels related to glucose metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis were higher than normoxia group. These observations suggest that chronic exposure for 3 weeks could serve as an effective therapy for glucose metabolic disorder. In the future study, it would be necessary to elucidate whether hypoxia exposure could improve glucose metabolism through diabetic mice model.