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PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION, ANTI‐INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI‐MICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF SOME SELECTED SEAWEED IN EASTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA
Author(s) -
Oyedeji Adebola Omowunmi,
Saibu Gbemisola Morounke,
Nakin Motebang Dominic,
Oyedeji Opeoluwa,
Meyer Mervin
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.02842
Subject(s) - phytochemical , terpenoid , glycoside , traditional medicine , chemistry , phenols , algae , botany , biology , food science , biochemistry , medicine
Sea algae are widely consumed in the worldwide especially in South Africa. Most of these plants contain some phytochemicals with various potential biological activities. The present study investigated the presence of phytochemical constituents, and anti‐microbial and anti‐inflammatory potentials of methanol extracts of Eklonia radiate (ER) and Jania verucosa (JV). Materials and Methods Marine macro‐algae were collected from two different rocky shores areas in East coast (Mbashe and Port St John rivers), Mthatha in South Africa during low tides. The collected marine macro‐algae were rinsed with distilled water and dried at room temperature (25°C). The samples were grinded and extracted with methanol. Qualitative phytochemical analysis for alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, resins, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids were done by following standard procedures. Anti‐microbial assay were performed against six different bacterial pathogens, while In vitro anti‐inflammatory activities of both extract were evaluated using albumin denaturation assay. Diclofenac was used as a standard drug for the anti‐inflammatory activity. Results Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, reducing sugars and terpenoids and polyphenols in both extracts. The average minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the plants extracts ranged from 0.156–5.0mg/ml after 24 h of incubation. Methanol extract of Jania verucosa had the most significant biological activity with the least MIC values of (0.16 mg/ml),while the anti‐microbial activities of methanol extracts of JE and ER gave different zones of inhibition on the five ( E.coli, K. Pnemonia, MRSA, P.aureginosa and S.epidemidis ) pathogens while there was no growth inhibition on S.pyogene isolates tested on both extracts. The results showed that ER and JV extracts at a concentration range of 0.312‐ 0.02mg/ml significantly (p<0.05) protects the heat induced protein denaturation. Discussion and Conclusion From the result, it can be concluded that the presence of phytochemicals present in the extracts could be responsible for the anti‐microbial activity. Further work should be done to isolate the bioactive compound (s) and biological activities of these seaweed.