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Role of nitric oxide (NO) in the modulation of anti‐arthritic and anti‐inflammatory effects of Trigonella foenum‐graecum (fenugreek) ethanolic seed extract in rats
Author(s) -
PAL RISHI,
Kamal Parul,
Nath Rajendra
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.02564
Subject(s) - trigonella , nitric oxide , arthritis , rheumatoid arthritis , anti inflammatory , medicine , pharmacology , methotrexate , oxidative stress , traditional medicine , nitric oxide synthase , inflammation , chemistry
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder with a characteristic feature of swollen and painful joints. Trigonella foenum graecum (Fenugreek) has been used from ancient time as spice and also has medicinal value in different disease conditions like constipation, gastritis, inflammation, and diabetes. The current study was designed to evaluate protective role of ethanolic fenugreek seed extract (FSE) in CFA‐induced experimental arthritis and its comparison with methotrexate. The FSE was prepared by using standard procedures and tested over the male wistar rats (180–225 g) for anti‐arthritic and anti‐inflammatory effects. CFA (0.2 ml with sqaline, s.c.) was inoculated in right foot of rats on day “0” and evaluated daily for inflammation for 14 days. From day 14 to 28, FSE (200–400 mg/kg) and nitric oxide modulataors, L‐arginine (100 mg/kg) and L‐NAME (10 mg/kg) administered daily. FSE (200–400 mg/kg), shows significant protective role in arthritic and inflammatory parameters as well as oxidative stress markers in a dose dependent manner. The adjuvant‐induced changes in arthritic parameters like ankle diameter, paw volume, arthritic index, inflammatory cytokine, IL‐1β, TNF‐α & IL‐6 levels and oxidative stress markers, MDA & SOD were significantly reversed by FSE. These results are more or less comparable to the standard drug methotrexate. NO modulators further potentiated the protective effects of FSE. The protective effects of FSE was more prominent when ethanolic seed extract was given in combination with iNOS inhibitor, L‐NAME in comparison with FSE + L‐arginine. Our findings suggests that nitric oxide synthase inhibition leads to potentiated anti‐arthritic, anti‐inflammatory effects of ethanolic FSE and that may be mediated through pro‐inflammatory/anti‐inflammatory cytokines imbalance.