Long‐Term Intake of Capsiate Increases Fat Accumulation according to Reduced‐Energy Expenditure, which Is Occurred by Increased‐Immobility in Diet‐Induced Obese Mice but not in Trained.

Purpose Having a similar weight‐loss effect which is occurred by the sympathetic nervous stimulation of capsaicin, capsiate (CAP) began to spotlight because of its much less pungency than capsaicin’s. However, previous studies have tended to focus on short‐term (to 2 from 4 weeks) effect of CAP with normal diet. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the effects of long‐term CAP intake and high‐fat diet (HFD) on energy expenditure and fat accumulation. And we also investigated whether there was a synergistic effect on fat accumulation when exercised together. Methods The male 8‐week‐old ICR mice were divided into 4 groups. Sed0 (sedentary; non‐trained), Sed10 (sedentary and 10 mg/kg of CAP), Tr0 (moderate intensity‐trained) and Tr10 (moderate intensity‐trained and 10 mg/kg of CAP). All mice freely accessed to water and HFD. Treadmill training was conducted with 5times a week for 8 weeks. The exercise intensity was increased from 20 min at 13 m/min to 60 min at 16 m/min while maintaining the 8° slope. The Tr groups were administrated each supplement 30 minutes before training. Tail‐suspension test was performed by suspending a mouse from horizontal bar. Mouse was suspended by its tail for 6min, and the immobility time was measured during the last 5min, with the first minute ignored to allow for habituation. Results Long‐term intake of CAP did not significantly change the body weight gain in the both sedentary and trained group. However, the total food intake was significantly lower in the Sed10 than in the Sed0 and reversely greater in the Tr10 than in the Tr0. Interestingly, the total abdominal fat was significantly higher in the Sed10 than in the Sed0 and the training showed a tendency to reverse this result but there was no significant difference within the Tr group. From the resting metabolic rate results, the total energy expenditure was slightly lower in the Sed10 than in the Sed0 but there was no significant difference within both Sed and Tr group. However, there was significant difference between the Sed10 and the Tr10 but not between the Sed0 and the Tr0. From the tail suspension test results, the immobility time was significantly longer in the Sed10 than in the Sed0 and there was no significant difference within the trained group. But the BDNF protein level in the hippocampus was no different. Conclusion In summary, these results show that long‐term intake of CAP with HFD increased fat accumulation according to reduced‐energy expenditure, which seemed to be occurred by immobility. But the moderate intensity‐exercise reversed these results. Therefore, if CAP is used to increase energy expenditure over long periods of time, we suggest that exercise and/or dietary control should be properly combined. Furthermore, these findings provide a slight insight that long‐term intake of CAP with HFD could be assessed by the neuropathological approach.