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Determination of Antimicrobial Activity and Secondary Metabolites in Acacia rigidula and Acacia berlandieri
Author(s) -
Gonzalez David Israel
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.650.4
Subject(s) - antimicrobial , acacia , enterobacter aerogenes , serratia marcescens , traditional medicine , bark (sound) , biology , medicinal plants , secondary metabolite , bacteria , microbiology and biotechnology , botany , escherichia coli , biochemistry , medicine , ecology , genetics , gene
There is continuous interest in the antimicrobial activities of different extracts obtained from plants especially traditional medicinal plants. There are more than 20,000 species of plants used in traditional medicines. Therapeutic drugs can be derived from natural products, which are usually secondary metabolites and their derivatives. Drugs derived from these secondary metabolites can be used to fight against the increased presence of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria. Therefore, finding new antimicrobial agents is important for the continuing development of new therapeutic drugs. In this study, plants found in South Texas have been a focus of interest in terms of antimicrobial activity present in their secondary metabolites. Studies have indicated that Acacia species, such as Acacia nilotica , have displayed antimicrobial activity. The objectives of this study were to determine the presence of antimicrobial activities and qualitatively determine the secondary metabolites of plant extracts from Acacia rigidula (Blackbrush) and Acacia berlandieri (Guajillo). The extracts were subjected to acetone, methanol, acetic acid to extract secondary metabolites. To test the antimicrobial activities of the species, the disk diffusion method was employed against gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria such as: Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , Serratia marcescens , Enterococcus faecalis , and Enterobacter aerogenes . Qualitative determinations of the presence of phenols, tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids were done. Thus, this study will report the antimicrobial activities of A. rigidula and A. berlandieri extracts. Preliminary results of the disk diffusion method indicate the presence of antimicrobial activity against E. coli found in the bark of A. rigidula extracted with acetic acid and the leaves of A. berlandieri extracted with acetone. The zone of inhibition measured was 14.9 mm and 15.1 mm respectively. To compare with a positive control, streptomycin displayed a zone of inhibition of 16.5 mm against the E. Coli confirming the antimicrobial activity from the two species. Future results will establish the antimicrobial activity further once tested against different bacteria. This study will also report the secondary metabolites present in the extracts understudy. The findings of this study will provide researchers with the basis to derive potential medications against antibiotic‐resistant bacteria. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .