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Cell Growth Inhibition and Transglutaminase 2 Expression in Human Erythroleukemia Cells (K562) Following Exposure to Retinoic Acid and Sodium Butyrate
Author(s) -
Spencer Gabi Rose,
Birckbichler Paul J
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.646.16
Subject(s) - sodium butyrate , retinoic acid , butyrate , k562 cells , cancer cell , tissue transglutaminase , cell growth , motility , microbiology and biotechnology , extracellular matrix , apoptosis , chemistry , biochemistry , extracellular , biology , enzyme , cancer , genetics , fermentation , gene
Transglutaminase (TG‐2) is a calcium‐dependent enzyme that has been linked to numerous biological functions including cell adhesion, extracellular matrix, stabilization, wound healing, receptor signaling, cellular proliferation, and cellular motility. This enzyme is also thought to play a role in cancer, as TG‐2 expression is elevated in several types of cancer cells. Some studies have also shown that patients with neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's have exhibited elevated levels of TG‐2 which may be linked to the formation of protein aggregates that cause these diseases. The goal of this study was to explore the biological responses of human erythroleukemia cells (K562) to retinoic acid and sodium butyrate. The cells were treated with DMSO (20 uL), sodium butyrate (100 uM), retinoic acid (20 uM), or a combination of sodium butyrate (100 uM) and retinoic acid (20 uM). Preliminary data has shown that TG‐2 is expressed more in cells treated with sodium butyrate, while retinoic acid does not have an effect on TG‐2 expression. The control cells grew continually over the 72‐hour observation period, while the growth of cells treated with sodium butyrate and the mix of both chemicals were slowed to approximately 50% of the growth of control cells. Immunofluorescent photo‐microscopy was used to measure the expression of TG‐2. The cells were also tested for apoptosis using fluorescent microscopy to differentiate between viable, necrotic, and apoptotic cells. Future research will attempt to localize the actual location of the TG‐2 when treated with both chemicals, and if it promotes or suppresses the viability of the cancer cells. Studies are also underway to determine the amount of TG‐2 that is present in each of the samples. Support or Funding Information Funding provided by Department of Chemistry, Slippery Rock University This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .