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Electrochemical DNA Biosensors for Detection of Mannose‐capped Lipoarabinomannan
Author(s) -
Sodia Tyler,
Bonham Andrew J
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.635.19
Subject(s) - lipoarabinomannan , mycobacterium tuberculosis , biosensor , tuberculosis , sputum , primer (cosmetics) , mycobacterium , polymerase chain reaction , medicine , virology , biology , chemistry , biochemistry , pathology , organic chemistry , gene
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the world's most prevalent bacterial pathogens. It is estimated that almost 10 million cases of TB emerge every year, and roughly one‐fifth of these cases are fatal. The current detection and diagnosis of TB is done primarily via two methods; the TB skin test and the TB blood tests. Neither of these tests can differentiate between latent TB infection and TB disease. In order to differentiate these states, time‐consuming sputum tests are required, which rely on culturing the mycobacterium. Designing a sensitive serologic biosensor would dramatically decrease the time line of diagnosis and therefore improve patient outcomes. One possible avenue for improved detection lies in the cell wall of TB, which includes many complex glycolipids—many of which are believed to have immunopathogenic mechanisms in physiologic pathways. Mannose‐capped lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM) is one of the most prevalent of these glycolipids, and presents a novel target as a bio‐marker for the sensitive detection of TB and related Mycobacterium strains. Here, we have utilized an existing aptamer sequence that binds to ManLAM to generate a sensitive electrochemical, DNA‐based biosensor for the detection of TB. This biosensor is able to adopt multiple different folded conformations, only one of which presents the core aptamer sequence in a state capable of binding ManLAM. An appended redox‐active tag (methylene blue) generates a measurable difference in electrochemical current upon this conformational change, providing a sensitive and quantitative measurement of ManLAM concentration. Such biosensors may ultimately allow rapid, on site, diagnosis of TB infection within the time constraints of patient‐doctor interaction. Support or Funding Information This work is supported by internal grant funding from the Metropolitan State University of Denver. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .