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Evaluation of Dietary Protein Isolated from Different Sources on Hepatic and Adipose Lipid Metabolism
Author(s) -
Warren Derek Cole,
Skinner Roy Chris,
Laub David,
Barnes Kimbery,
Matak Kristen,
Tou Janet C
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.490.18
Subject(s) - casein , lipid metabolism , medicine , endocrinology , adipose tissue , oleic acid , biology , stearic acid , linoleic acid , metabolism , protein metabolism , chemistry , lipogenesis , fatty acid , food science , biochemistry , organic chemistry
Dietary protein is a significant contributor to the process of lipotoxicity through the modulation of insulin secretion and the regulation of adipocyte metabolic function. However, the contribution of different types of dietary protein is less understood. Previous studies have reported the effects of proteins isolated from multiple animal sources on liver lipid metabolism did not differ from casein; therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate lipid metabolism in the liver and adipose in rats fed protein isolated from aquatic sources. Young (age 28 days) female Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly assigned (n=8 rats/group) to standard purified diet with 10% w/w protein as casein, whey, Silver carp isolate or a protein‐free diet. There were no significant differences in liver weight or lipid content among rats fed these different protein sources. However, the protein‐free group had the highest hepatic lipid content (19.96% ± 4.13) among the diet groups confirmed by histological evaluation liver showing greater fat infiltration. Liver fatty analysis showed that rats on a protein‐free diet had the lowest (p<0.05) stearic acid content (6.77% ± 0.43), and the highest (p<0.05) oleic acid, linoleic acid, and α‐linolenic acid content at 20.81% ± 1.29, 23.21% ± 1.67, 1.56% ± 0.09, respectively. There were no differences in fatty acid composition in the liver of rats fed casein, whey, or carp isolate. However, rats fed whey isolate had greater (p<0.05) body weight and gonadal fat pad mass but no significant differences gonadal adipose fatty acid composition or serum LDL, HDL, and cholesterol compared to rats fed casein or carp. Collectively, these results indicated the amount rather than dietary protein source influences adipose tissue and hepatic lipid metabolism. Support or Funding Information This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2015‐67017‐23084 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .