Premium
The Effect of Antibiotics on Gut Microbiome: A Metagenomics Analysis of Microbial Shift and Antibiotic Resistance in Antibiotic Treated Mice
Author(s) -
Xu Lei,
Chockalingam Ashok,
Stewart Sharron,
Li Zhihua,
Rouse Rodney
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.lb686
Subject(s) - fosfomycin , antibiotics , microbiome , ampicillin , ciprofloxacin , antibiotic resistance , metagenomics , gut flora , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , feces , immunology , bioinformatics , genetics , gene
There are long standing concerns about the use of oral antibiotics and their impact on the normal gut microbiota/microbiome and the emergence of antibiotic resistance. More recently, drug‐microbiota/microbiome interactions have been identified that have impacted drug efficacy and/or safety through altered drug metabolism re‐enforcing these concerns. This project characterizes the effect of different antibiotic treatment on the composition of the gut microbiota / microbiome and the prevalence of antibacterial resistance genes in the gut of mice treated for UTI. This knowledge provides a foundation for stratifying the potential of different mono‐ and potentially combination antibiotic therapies to negatively impact health through the microbiota/microbiome. Mice were experimentally infected by inoculation of E.coli into the urinary bladder and subsequently treated with one of three antibiotics (ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, fosfomycin) commonly used for UTI. For each antibiotic, fecal samples were collected after 1, 2, or 3 days of treatment to compare and contrast influence on the gut microbiota and microbiome composition. Standard NGS procedures were used with bio‐informatics to conduct metagenome analysis on fecal samples. Although individual animal variation was observed, control animals generally had similar findings for each experiment. For each antibiotic, analysis of aligned sequences revealed a post‐treatment reduction in number of bacterial species and a shift in the relative prevalence of the remaining species. By 24 hours after treatment initiation, fosfomycin demonstrated a larger and more profound reduction in species than either ciprofloxacin or ampicillin. Within the first 24 hours, ampicillin has minimal reduction in species while ciprofloxacin was intermediate to ampicillin and fosfomycin. Ciprofloxacin and ampicillin treatment led to detection of several species not identified in controls that in some cases became one of the most prominent species detected. Fosfomycin treatment resulted in a significant increase in prevalence of a known antibiotic resistance gene in the gut microbiome. These preliminary studies indicate that the spectrum and degree of impact on the microbiota species will vary by individual antibiotic but that in all antibiotic treatments as much as 70 to 80% of detectable species are greatly reduced or eliminated. The data also show that antibiotic treatment can increase the reservoir of antibiotic resistance in the microbiome. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .