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Human Macrophage Derived Myeloperoxidase Exacerbates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Disease (NASH) in Diet‐induced Obesity
Author(s) -
Katunga Lalage A.,
Franke Jacob D.,
Schulte Kevin A.,
Ford David A.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.873.16
Subject(s) - myeloperoxidase , steatohepatitis , chemistry , lipotoxicity , lipidomics , steatosis , oxidative stress , medicine , inflammation , endocrinology , fatty liver , biochemistry , biology , insulin resistance , obesity , disease
Background Hepatic infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) is a key driver of pathogenesis in non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Lipotoxicity arising from elevated free fatty acids in NASH is postulated to advance PMN activation and recruitment. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a PMN‐derived enzyme mechanistically linked to oxidative stress (ROS) in inflammation, may contribute to this feedback. Chlorinated fatty acids (2‐ClFAs) are an MPO by‐product produced when HOCl targets plasmalogen phospholipids. 2‐CIFAs induce PMN activation, adhesion and ROS mediated cellular damage. In human patients, a strong positive correlation between MPO expressing cells and severity of NASH has been observed. However, mouse macrophages lack MPO and this is a critical limitation of current models. As a result, the contribution of MPO to NASH remains poorly understood. Methods To investigate the role of MPO in NASH, C57Bl/6J mice expressing macrophage transgenic human MPO (hMPO Tg ) were fed a 40% high fat (HF) diet for 10 weeks. At the end of the study biomarkers of hepatocellular damage and PMN infiltration were measured. Alterations in lipid species were detected using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS/MS) lipidomics in order to elucidate contributing lipids to NASH. Results Here we show hMPO Tg is associated with significant alteration in the hepatic lipidome, increased infiltration of PMNs, levels of MPO lipid by‐products and exacerbated hepatic steatosis. HF fed hMPO Tg mice showed greater weight gain and hepatomegaly. Increased infiltration of PMN in hMPOTg HF livers was supported by immunohistochemistry and PCR analysis of PMN biomarkers. Significantly higher triglyceride levels were detected in hMPO Tg HF fed plasma and livers. Major hepatic lipid species of cholesterol esters, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylserine were also significantly altered. Systemic pro‐inflammatory 2‐CIFA levels were increased in HF fed hMPO Tg . Conclusion Together, our results highlight the significant contribution of hMPO to hepatic lipid homeostasis. MPO is currently exploited as a biomarker and therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease. Expanding our understanding of MPO may extend the benefits of similar therapeutic strategies to patients suffering from NASH and metabolic syndrome.