Premium
Dairy Exosome Effects on Mitochondria Function and Antioxidant Enzymes in Growing Male and Female Rats
Author(s) -
Parry Hailey A.,
Mobley C. Brooks,
Mumford Petey W.,
Romero Matthew A.,
Zhang Yufeng,
Zempleni Janos,
Young Kaelin C.,
Roberts Michael D.,
Kavazis Andreas N.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.853.7
Subject(s) - mitochondrion , catalase , skeletal muscle , glutathione peroxidase , medicine , endocrinology , reactive oxygen species , biology , antioxidant , superoxide dismutase , respiration , western blot , biochemistry , oxidative stress , anatomy , gene
Exosomes facilitate cell‐to‐cell communication by transporting a variety of molecular cargo among tissues, and have been associated in numerous physiological and pathological conditions. Recent data show that exosomes are not only derived from endogenous synthesis, but can also be obtained from dietary sources (e.g., milk). The aim of this study was to assess the effects of milk exosomes on skeletal muscle and liver mitochondria function, reactive oxygen species (ROS) emission, and antioxidant protein levels in young growing rats. Twenty‐eight day old male (n=12) and female (n=12) Fisher 344 rats were used in this study. For four weeks half of male (n=6) and female (n=6) rats were fed a milk‐based diet containing exosomes (EXO+), and the other animals were fed the same diet which was exosome‐depleted (EXO−). Skeletal muscle and liver mitochondria were isolated for respiration and ROS emission assays. Additionally, protein expression of the antioxidants superoxide dismutase 1/2 (SOD1/2), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were measured via Western blot in skeletal muscle and liver. State 3 skeletal muscle mitochondria respiration exhibited an interaction effect (p=0.039) with males fed the EXO+ diet having the highest respiration rate. State 4 skeletal muscle mitochondria respiration was higher (p=0.047) in male than female rats independent of diet. State 3 liver mitochondria respiration was not significantly different (p>0.05), but state 4 liver mitochondria respiration was higher (p=0.007) in EXO− rats independent of sex. ROS emission from isolated liver mitochondria was lower (p<0.001) in female rats independent of diet, and liver GPX protein levels were higher (p = 0.005) in female rats independent of diet. No significant differences (p>0.05) were observed in skeletal muscle ROS emission or antioxidant protein levels. In conclusion, the depletion of dairy exosomes from the diet affected mitochondrial physiology in skeletal muscle and liver. In addition, our data show that female rats had lower liver ROS emission and higher antioxidant protein levels (i.e., GPX) compared to male rats. These data may support the mitochondrial free radical theory of ageing since female Fisher 344 rats outlive the male counterparts. Support or Funding Information Support provided by AU IGP funds to ANK and MDR. JZ is supported by NIH, NIFA, Gerber Foundation and Egg Nutrition Center, and is a consultant for PureTech. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .