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Highly specific and rapid glycan based amperometric detection of influenza viruses
Author(s) -
Cui Xikai,
Das Amrita,
Dhawane Abasaheb,
Sweeney Joyce,
Zhang Xiaohu,
Chivukula Vasanta,
Iyer Suri
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.544.21
Subject(s) - neuraminidase , virology , virus , microbiology and biotechnology , pandemic , substrate (aquarium) , influenza a virus , galactose , medicine , biology , covid-19 , biochemistry , disease , infectious disease (medical specialty) , ecology , pathology
Influenza is a respiratory disease which infects 0.4–0.6 billion children and 0.2–5.0 billion adults worldwide. In addition to seasonal influenza, pandemic strains can infect a large number of people rapidly. For example, the H1N1 2009 “swine” strain pandemic reported in March 2009 in Mexico spread rapidly to over 74 countries in less than two months. Rapid and precise detection of influenza viruses is critical for appropriate interventions. Current methods such as cell culture and PCR are expensive and require well‐trained personnel, although they are highly accurate. Antibody based tests are not sensitive. We recently developed an electrochemical assay to detect 19 influenza viruses using a glucose bearing substrate in 1h.1 However, neuraminidase (NA) from bacteria can also cleave this substrate. Additionally, time to results must be less than 15 minutes because patients cannot wait for 1h if this assay is going to be used in a clinical setting. Herein, we have designed and synthesized an influenza specific substrate 4,7di‐OMeSα2,3/6Gal (4,7di‐OMe N‐acetylneuraminic acid attached to the 3 or 6 position of galactose), and developed an assay that uses a portable potentiostat and commercial Accu‐Chek strips. We demonstrated that this assay detects the influenza virus with high specificity within 15 minutes. Influenza NA, not bacterial NA, cleaved 4,7di‐OMeSα2,3/6Gal to release galactose. In contrast, viral and bacterial NA both cleaved the natural substrate Sα2,3/6Gal (N‐acetylneuraminic acid attached to the 3 or 6 position of galactose). The released galactose was detected amperometrically using a handheld potentiostat and dehydrogenase bearing glucose test strips. The specificity for influenza was confirmed using different influenza strains and respiratory pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae ; bacteria do not cleave 4,7di‐OMeSα2,3/6Gal. The assay was also used to detect co‐infections caused by influenza virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae . Viral drug susceptibility and testing with human clinical samples was successful within 15 minutes, indicating that this assay could be used to rapidly detect influenza viruses at primary care or resource poor settings using ubiquitous glucose meters.2 Support or Funding Information NIH‐NIAID (R01‐AI089450)Workflow and structure of the glycans used for the electrochemical detectionThis abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .