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Effects of hypo‐energetic dieting with different macronutrients on lipid panels, glucose, and insulin kinetics
Author(s) -
Kerksick C,
Taylor L,
Moulton C,
Campbell B,
Roberts M,
Kreider R
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.20.5.lb94-c
Subject(s) - dieting , endocrinology , medicine , morning , insulin , carbohydrate , insulin resistance , chemistry , homeostatic model assessment , cholesterol , zoology , obesity , weight loss , biology
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of short‐term dieting with different macronutrient profiles on glucose and insulin levels. Forty‐four sedentary, obese women (41.5±11.3 yrs, 165±7 cm, 99±18.8 kg, 46±4.4 %, 36.4±6.4 kg/m 2 ) consumed either a normal calorie control diet (CON; n=14), a higher carbohydrate (% CHO: PRO: FAT= 46: 24: 30; n=14) or higher protein (% CHO: PRO: FAT= 24: 46: 30; n=16) hypo‐energetic diet (1,000 kcal/d) for a 7‐day period. Subjects were given prescribed diets developed by a registered dietician in order to provide the desired macronutrient and caloric intakes. Participants reported each morning in a fasted state after 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7 days of dieting and provided a blood sample in addition to having their body mass determined. Data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA and are reported as delta (post‐pre) values for HPRO, HCHO and CON, respectively. Hypo‐energetic dieting resulted in a significant loss of body mass (p<0.05) in both HPRO (−2.04±0.99 kg vs. −0.25±0.45 kg) and HCHO (−1.73±1.42 kg vs. −0.25±0.45 kg) in comparison to CON with no differences between the groups. No significant changes (p>0.05) were noted for total cholesterol, LDL, glucose, insulin or homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR). Significant (p<0.05) decreases over time were seen for HDL and triglycerides (TG) with no differences between types of diet. Changes in DEXA fat‐free mass and glucose were significantly correlated (r=0.38, p<0.05) while no correlations were found between changes in body mass and other variables. Results indicated that 1 week of hypo‐energetic dieting decreased HDL and TG levels but had no effect on selected markers of glucose and insulin management.