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Analysis of the structure‐activity relationships between phenanthroindolizidines and phenanthroquinolizidines
Author(s) -
Lee ShiowJu,
Yang ChengWei,
Chuang TaHsien,
Wu PeiLin
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.20.5.lb108-c
Subject(s) - inflammation , in vitro , chemistry , in vivo , cytotoxicity , structure–activity relationship , cancer , cancer cell , pharmacology , stereochemistry , computational biology , biochemistry , biology , immunology , genetics
Phenanthroindolizidines and phenanthroquinolizidines are structure‐related alkaloids that are well known for their profound cytotoxicity toward a variety of cancer cells and thus have been explored to develop into anti‐cancer agents. Tylophorine and cryptoleurine are representative of these two classes of alkaloids respectively. While tylophorine was conceivable to account for the anti‐inflammation related effects for Tylophora indica and has been reported to exert significant anti‐inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo, not much known for cryptoleurine and its analogues for anti‐inflammation related effects. Although over 70 of phenanthroindolizidine, phenanthroquinolizidine alkaloids, and their analogues have been purified or synthesized, systemic analyses for the structure‐activity relationships are needed for more clear elucidation between or among the phenanthroindolizidines and phenanthroquinolizidines. Thus, We synthesized 16 compounds of phenanthroindolizidines (8 compounds, 2 sets) and their counterparts of phenanthroquinolizidines(8 compounds, 2 sets). We analyzed the relationships between the structures and activities of anti‐cancer cell growth and anti‐inflammation in in vitro systems and also probed the differential activity between and among the phenanthroindolizidines and phenanthroquinolizidines.