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The effect of dairy protein and calcium on the prevention of weight gain in Sprague‐Dawley Diet Induced Obese (DIO) rats
Author(s) -
Eller Lindsay K,
Reimer Raylene A
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.20.5.a992-b
Subject(s) - weight gain , calorie , casein , endocrinology , calcium , appetite , medicine , thermogenesis , food science , chemistry , zoology , obesity , body weight , biology
Recent evidence suggests that dietary calcium (Ca 2+ ) may attenuate weight gain and amplify weight loss via regulation of adipocyte intracellular Ca 2+ . Dairy sourced Ca 2+ may specifically augment these responses. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of various dairy proteins as part of a high fat, high sucrose diet enriched with 2.4% Ca 2+ on preventing weight gain in Sprague Dawley diet induced obese (DIO) rats. Forty eight 12 week old DIO rats consumed one of six, ad libitum diets for eight weeks: (1) Low calorie with casein (0.67% Ca 2+ ); (2) Low calorie with casein (2.4% Ca 2+ ); (3) High calorie with casein (2.4% Ca 2+ ); (4) High calorie with dairy (skim milk powder) (0.67% Ca 2+ ); (5) High calorie with dairy (2.4% Ca 2+ ); or (6) High calorie with whey (2.4% Ca 2+ ). Mean weight gain across all diets was 82.2 ± 42.3 g (mean ± SD). Rats consuming the high calorie dairy, 2.4% Ca 2+ diet gained the least amount of weight (24.1 ± 15.8 g) and rats consuming the dairy diet with 0.67% Ca 2+ gained the second lowest amount of weight (52.0 ± 15.3 g). The results from the dairy 2.4% Ca 2+ diet show significantly less weight gain than all other diet groups (p<0.05), including the two low calorie diets. Plasma levels of satiety hormones and expression of genes involved in thermogenesis and appetite regulation are being analyzed as mechanisms of action. In conclusion, it appears dairy protein is able to prevent excessive weight gain associated with a high calorie diet more than casein or whey. The addition of Ca 2+ further attenuated weight gain suggesting that dairy protein supplemented with 2.4% Ca 2+ decreases weight gain in Sprague Dawley DIO rats when provided in an ad libitum high fat, high sucrose diet. Funded by Dairy Farmers of Canada.