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Stem cell mobilization by hyperbaric oxygen
Author(s) -
Thom Stephen R.,
Bhopale Veena M.,
Velazquez Omaida C.,
Goldstein Lee J.,
Thom Lynne H.,
Buerk Donald G.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.20.5.a1460
Subject(s) - stem cell , stem cell factor , progenitor cell , cd34 , stromal cell , endothelial stem cell , bone marrow , population , haematopoiesis , immunology , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , biology , medicine , endocrinology , andrology , cancer research , biochemistry , environmental health , in vitro
We hypothesized that exposure to hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) would mobilize stem/progenitor cells from the bone marrow by a nitric oxide (.NO) dependent mechanism. The population of CD34+ cells in the peripheral circulation of humans (n=23) doubled in response to a single exposure to 2.0 atmospheres absolute (ATA) O2 for 2 hours. Over a course of twenty treatments, circulating CD34+ cells increased eightfold, although the over‐all circulating white cell count was not significantly increased. The number of colony‐forming cells (CFCs) increased from 16 +/− 2 to 26 +/− 3 CFCs/100,000 monocytes plated. Elevations in CFCs were entirely due to the CD34+ sub‐population, but increased cell growth only occurred in samples obtained immediately post‐treatment. A high proportion of progeny cells express receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor‐2 and for stromal derived growth factor. In mice, HBO2 increased circulating stem cell factor by 50%, increased the number of circulating cells expressing stem cell antigen‐1 and CD34 by 3.4‐fold, and doubled the number of CFCs. Bone marrow .NO concentration increased by 1008 + 255 nM in association with HBO2. Stem cell mobilization did not occur in knock out mice lacking genes for endothelial .NO synthase. Moreover, pre‐treatment of wild type mice with a nitric oxide (.NO) synthase inhibitor prevented the HBO2‐induced elevation in stem cell factor and circulating stem cells. We conclude that HBO2 mobilizes stem/progenitor cells by stimulating .NO synthesis. Supported by NIH grant AT00428.