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Effect of dietary calcium and lactose maldigestion on fecal fat excretion during energy restriction in obese adults
Author(s) -
Buchowski Maciej,
Dossett Cynthia,
Dorminy Cindy,
Silcox Jennifer,
Hongu Nobuko
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.20.5.a1029-c
Subject(s) - excretion , crossover study , lactose , feces , calcium , medicine , endocrinology , zoology , chemistry , urine , energy balance , placebo , food science , biology , paleontology , alternative medicine , pathology , ecology
It has been hypothesized that increased dairy (D) and non‐dairy (ND) calcium (Ca) may have an effect on energy balance via fecal loss of lipids but clear evidence is missing. We conducted a randomized, crossover clinical trial in obese men (n=12) and women (n=12) either lactose digesters (LD, n=12) or maldigesters (L‐nD, n=12). Participants received either D or ND energy restricted (ER) diet for 12 weeks. The diet prepared at GCRC metabolic kitchen contained 70% of energy needs assessed from resting energy expenditure (metabolic cart) and physical activity (RT3 monitor), 19±2% of energy from protein, and 500 (low) or 1,200 (high) mg Ca, either from dairy (D) or non‐dairy (ND) sources. Energy level was adjusted after 6 weeks of ER diet and crossover to either high or low Ca level. Average weight loss (7.3±1.85 kg, p<0.001) was independent from diet (D or ND, p=0.881) or lactose maldigestion status (LD or L‐nD, p=0.114). Fecal fat (FF) excretion was higher in L‐nD than LD (33.7±4.1 vs. 18.1±4.0 mg/g stool, p=0.37). FF excretion was higher from D than nD diet and from high than low Ca levels. Urinary Ca excretion was lower in D than nD diet and independent from lactose maldigestion status. These results provide missing evidence that fecal fat excretion is causing energy loss and may explain some discrepancies among studies testing dietary calcium and obesity hypothesis.