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Cholesterol kinetics and intestinal sterol transporter gene expression in response to corn fiber oil and its constituents in hamsters
Author(s) -
Jain Deepak,
Ebine Naoyuki,
Jia Xiaoming,
Kassis Amira,
Marinangeli Christopher,
Hicks Kevin,
Moreau Robert,
Jones Peter
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.20.5.a1025-c
Subject(s) - cholesterol , abca1 , sterol , medicine , endocrinology , liver x receptor , corn oil , chemistry , enterocyte , biology , biochemistry , transporter , small intestine , nuclear receptor , transcription factor , gene
The objective of this study was to evaluate the cholesterol‐lowering mechanisms of corn fiber oil (CFO), ferulate phytostanyl esters (FPE) and parent compounds including sitostanol and ferulic acid in hamsters. Seventy male golden Syrian hamsters were randomly assigned to six experimental diets for 4 weeks. 1) Control diet without cholesterol 2) Control diet plus 0.1% (w/w) cholesterol. The remaining four groups were given 0.1 % cholesterol diet with: 3) 10% (w/w) CFO 4) 0.5% (w/w) sitostanol, 5) 0.23% (w/w) ferulic acid and 6) 0.73% (w/w) FPE. At the end of four weeks of dietary intervention, plasma cholesterol levels, cholesterol absorption and synthesis as well as mRNA expression of sterol transporters were assessed. Supplementation with corn fiber oil decreased (p< 0.0001) plasma total cholesterol levels by 29% as compared with cholesterol‐control, while feruloyl sitostanol (p< 0.02) and sitostanol (p< 0.02) reduced cholesterolemia by 15% and 14% respectively. Moreover, CFO (p ≤ 0.02) and sitostanol (p ≤ 0.02) decreased cholesterol absorption by 24% compared to cholesterol‐control group. While only moderate changes in mRNA expression of intestinal enterocyte sterol transporters were observed, CFO and sitostanol showed 1.5‐ to 2‐ fold up‐regulation of mRNA expression of ATP‐binding cassette G5 (ABCG5) and ABCG8. Results of present study suggest that CFO and sitostanol‐induced decreases in cholesterol absorption may be due to up‐regulation of intestinal enterocyte efflux sterol transporters such as ABCG5 and ABCG8 in hamsters. Funded by NSERC.