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Murine zinc deficiency alters lymphocyte phenotypes and CCL25 expression in the colon
Author(s) -
HerrlingerGarcia Kelli,
Silvestre Justin,
Knutson Mitchell D.,
Litherland Sally A.,
Cousins Robert J.,
LangkampHenken Bobbi
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.20.4.a603-b
Subject(s) - intraepithelial lymphocyte , cd8 , medicine , endocrinology , cd3 , cytokine , zinc , interleukin 7 receptor , biology , zinc deficiency (plant disorder) , flow cytometry , lymphocyte , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , immunology , immune system , t cell , il 2 receptor , organic chemistry
Zinc deficiency alters T H 1/T H 2 cytokine balance. Although these cytokine changes may alter lymphocyte phenotypic distribution or homing, no studies have examined this outcome. Balb/c mice (4 wk old) were fed a zinc‐deficient (ZD, <1 mg Zn/kg), zinc‐adequate (ZA, 27 mg Zn/kg), or pair‐fed (PF) diet for 9 wk. Percent baseline weight did not differ among the 3 groups in this T H 2‐dominant mouse strain; therefore, PF was dropped from further analyses. Serum zinc (ug/ml) decreased with progressive zinc deficiency and at wk 9 was 0.7 ± 0.1 (ZA) vs. 0.3 ± 0.2 (ZD, mean ± SEM, P = 0.001). Colonic intraepithelial lymphocyte (cIEL) phenotypes were evaluated at 3, 6, and 9 wk using flow cytometry and anti‐CD3, CD8β, TCRγδ and CD4 antibodies. ZD CD3 + cIEL (T cells) normalized to the ZA group increased with progressive zinc deficiency ( P = 0.06), and the percentage of CD3 + T cells was higher at wk 9 in ZD vs. ZA (43 ± 4% vs. 29 ± 3%, P = 0.04). CD3 + CD8β + TCRγδ − cIELs were elevated at all time points in ZD mice ( P = 0.008) and may account for the T‐cell increase. At wk 9, colonic inflammatory cytokines and receptors were measured using a microarray followed by qRT‐PCR. Microarray analysis indicated that CCL25 (TECK) was overexpressed in ZA colon whereas IL‐18 was overexpressed in ZD. qRT‐PCR confirmed that normalized CCL25 mRNA levels were different between diet groups, whereas IL‐18 mRNA levels were unchanged. However, IL‐18 transcript levels positively correlated with the percentage of ZA and ZD CD3 + CD8β + TCRγδ ‐ cells. These data suggest that ZD alters colonic lymphocyte phenotypic distribution and a chemokine ligand important in lymphocyte homing.