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Effects of allylisothiocyanate (AITC) and N‐acetylcysteine conjugate of AITC on the metastasis of SK‐Hep1 human hepatoma cells
Author(s) -
Hwang EunSun,
Lee Hyong Joo
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.20.4.a567-b
Subject(s) - allyl isothiocyanate , sinigrin , glucosinolate , chemistry , pharmacology , biochemistry , cell growth , cruciferous vegetables , myrosinase , conjugate , isothiocyanate , metabolite , biology , cancer , brassica , botany , mathematical analysis , mathematics , genetics
Cruciferous vegetables contain a series of relatively unique secondary metabolites of amino acids, called glucosinolates. While glucosinolates are not thought to be bioactive directly, their hydrolysis products, isothiocyanate (ITC) appear to have anticarcinogenic activity. Sinigrin, the predominant aliphatic glucosinolate in cruciferous vegetables, is hydrolyzed to yield allylisothiocyanate (AITC), which, following absorption and metabolism in humans, is excreted in the urine as an N ‐acetyl‐cysteine ( N AC) conjugate. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a major role in many cancer cells, and MMP production has been positively correlated with invasive and metastatic behavior of cancer cell lines. In this study, we have determined the inhibitory effect of AITC and AITC‐ N AC on cell proliferation, MMPs expression, invasion and migration in SK‐Hep1 human hepatoma cells. Our results demonstrate that AITC and AITC‐ N AC suppress SK‐Hep1 cell proliferation in a dose‐dependent manner with LD 50 values of 14.7 μM and 15.6 μM in AITC and AITC‐ N AC, respectively. AITC inhibited cancer cell migration much more potentially than its metabolite AITC‐ N AC via direct inhibition of the MMP‐2/‐9 activity. AITC‐ N AC at 5 μM caused excellent inhibition of cell migration for 48 hr. Considering the potential of AITC to prevent cancer, these results provide a basis for the use of AITC‐ N AC as a chemopreventive agent.