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Acute Apoptotic Transcriptional Responses to Resistance Exercise Training
Author(s) -
Adams P,
Nader G A,
Visich P S,
Pistilli E,
Gutmann L,
Lilly C,
Hoffman E P,
Gordon P M
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.20.4.a398
Subject(s) - isometric exercise , resistance training , gene , apoptosis , microarray , gene expression , microarray analysis techniques , rna extraction , medicine , andrology , biology , genetics
The purpose of this study was to examine mRNA expression patterns of apoptotic genes in resistance trained young and aged muscle. Untrained young (18–30 yr; n=11) and aged (65–75 yr; n=8) men and women underwent a 12‐wk unilateral resistance program of the non‐dominant arm (T) with the dominant arm as a control (UT). Muscle strength (iso, 1 RM) and size (MRI) measures were obtained pre and post‐training. Biceps biopsies were taken 4 hours after exercise in young (n=5) and aged (n=4). In addition, a group of young (n=3) exercised both arms prior to biopsy. Samples were processed for RNA extraction and microarray analysis using the Affymetrix U133 Plus 2 chips. Data were analyzed using MAS5 and dChip and expressed genes determined using p<0.05. No differences in CSA (21.5 ± 5.5 vs 20.6 ± 5.1%, p =.65) and isometric strength (19.16 ± 8.7 vs 17.85±17.2 %) were observed between young and aged. However, changes in 1 RM were greater in young (64.2 ± 23.2 vs 39.7 ± 25.8 %; p=0.0104). In young, 1670 genes were expressed, with 216 playing a role in apoptotic regulation; in aged, 413 genes were expressed, with 80 apoptotic genes identified. Twenty three genes were common with similar directional expression. Several down‐regulated pro‐apoptotic genes (CASP1: p = 0.0092; CFLAR: p = 0.024), and up‐regulated anti‐apoptotic genes (SPARC: p = 4.35E‐4) were expressed. Also, 13 apoptotic genes, of 76, were expressed acutely in T but not UT muscle. These results suggest that despite phenotypic expression similarities, there are apoptotic disparities between young and aged following unilateral arm training. Supported by NIH.R01 NS4060‐01A1.