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Resistant starch and fructooligosaccharide improve gut histology and alter gut signaling in rats
Author(s) -
Keenan Michael J,
Mumphrey Sonya M,
Lomax Larry L,
Raggio Anne M,
McCutcheon Kathleen L,
Zhou Jun,
Bateman H Gale,
Tulley Richard T,
Martin Roy J,
Hegsted Maren
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.20.4.a182-c
Subject(s) - cecum , fructooligosaccharide , resistant starch , butyrate , medicine , chemistry , fermentation , ileum , starch , caecum , polysaccharide , endocrinology , biology , food science , biochemistry
The aim of the current study was to examine histological changes in the cecum and large intestine using dietary resistant starch (RS). There were four treatment groups: control cornstarch (CC, 3.74 kcal/g), energy control with non‐fermentable cellulose (EC, 3.03 kcal/g), resistant starch (RS, National Starch, 3.03 kcal/g, 20% RS) and a fermentable control fructooligosaccharide (FOS, GTC Nutrition, 3.03 kcal/g, 5% FOS). Preliminary results indicated RS and FOS at the levels used would have similar fermentation. Sixty (n=15) 8 week old male Sprague Dawley rats were used. The RS group had the highest mean cecal content weights, butyrate in the cecal contents, cecal wall weights, cecal muscularis layers, large intestine mucosa layers, plasma PYY, plasma GLP‐1, gene expressions for PYY and proglucagon, and lowest pH. Values for the above parameters for the FOS group fell between the other two control groups and the RS group. The FOS group had similar mean cecal mucosal layer thicknesses as the RS group that was thicker than CC and EC. These changes should result in better muscle tone in the cecum and a greater absorptive mucosa in the cecum and large intestine. Fermentation of 20% RS or 5% FOS impacted the cecum more than CC or EC. However, RS resulted in greater overall effects and greater putative signals from the gut than FOS. The greater effect of RS may be due to greater RS content or unmeasured signals in the gut.