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Genetic Polymorphisms of TNF‐α Modify the Effect of Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Fasting Plasma Levels of HDL‐C and ApoA in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes
Author(s) -
FontaineBisson Benedicte,
Wolever Thomas MS,
ElSohemy Ahmed
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.20.4.a126-d
Subject(s) - polyunsaturated fatty acid , medicine , endocrinology , genotype , allele , genotyping , lipid profile , cholesterol , proinflammatory cytokine , biology , chemistry , fatty acid , biochemistry , inflammation , gene
Dietary fatty acids are known to alter the levels of plasma lipids, which play an important role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α is a proinflammatory cytokine that has been associated with an altered lipid profile and increased risk of CVD. Heterogeneity in plasma lipid levels in response to dietary fatty acids might be due to genetic differences, however, the role of TNF‐α genotypes is not known. Subjects (n=123) recruited were type 2 diabetic men (n=56) and women (n=67) aged 36–75 years. Blood samples were collected to determine fasting plasma lipid levels and genotyping was performed by PCR‐RFLP for the TNF‐α‐238G>A and ‐308G>A polymorphisms. When comparing the highest to the lowest tertile of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake (% energy), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) (mmol/L) was higher among carriers of the −238A allele (1.22±0.12 vs 0.99±0.08), but lower among those with the GG genotype (1.13±0.05 vs 1.26±0.05) (p=0.03 for interaction). Among carriers of the −308A allele, subjects in the highest tertile of PUFA intake had lower HDL‐C compared to those in the lowest tertile (0.99±0.06 vs 1.31±0.08). However, for those with the −308GG genotype, HDL‐C was greater in the upper compared to the lower tertile of PUFA intake (1.20±0.05 vs 1.09±0.04) (p =0.01 for interaction). Adjusting for age, sex, BMI and total energy intake did not alter these results. Similar effects were observed for plasma ApoA, but there was no association with other plasma lipids. In summary, TNF‐α genotypes modify the effect of dietary PUFA on HDL‐C and ApoA concentrations in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Supported by CIHR (MCT‐44205).