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Dual specificity phosphatases: a gene family for control of MAP kinase function
Author(s) -
CAMPS MONTSERRAT,
NICHOLS ANTON,
ARKINSTALL STEVE
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.14.1.6
Subject(s) - mapkapk2 , dual specificity phosphatase , mitogen activated protein kinase , mapk7 , protein tyrosine phosphatase , map2k7 , phosphatase , biology , kinase , map kinase kinase kinase , receptor tyrosine kinase , mitogen activated protein kinase kinase , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , phosphorylation , c raf , protein kinase a , cyclin dependent kinase 2
ABSTRACT Mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinases are important players in signal transduction pathways activated by a range of stimuli and mediate a number of physiological and pathological changes in cell function. MAP kinase activation requires phosphorylation on a threonine and tyrosine residue located within the activation loop of kinase subdomain VIII. This process is reversible even in the continued presence of activating stimuli, indicating that protein phosphatases provide an important mechanism for MAP kinase control. Dual specificity phosphatases (DSPs) are an emerging subclass of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) gene superfam‐ily, which appears to be selective for dephosphory‐lating the critical phosphothreonine and phosphoty‐rosine residues within MAP kinases. Some DSPs are localized to different subcellular compartments and moreover, certain family members appear highly selective for inactivating distinct MAP kinase iso‐forms. This enzymatic specificity is due in part to powerful catalytic activation of the DSP phosphatase after tight binding of its amino‐terminal to the target MAP kinase. DSP gene expression is induced strongly by various growth factors and/or cellular stresses, providing a sophisticated transcriptional mechanism for targeted inactivation of selected MAP kinase activities.—Camps, M., Nichols, A., Arkinstall, S. Dual specificity phosphatases: a gene family for control of MAP kinase function. FASEB J. 14, 6–16(1999)