Open AccessInvolvement ofArabidopsisAcyl Carrier Protein 1 in PAMP-Triggered Immunity
Author(s) -
Zhenzhen Zhao,
Jiangbo Fan,
Piao Yang,
Zonghua Wang,
Stephen Opiyo,
David Mackey,
Ye Xia
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
molecular plant-microbe interactions
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.565
H-Index - 153
eISSN - 1943-7706
pISSN - 0894-0282
DOI - 10.1094/mpmi-02-22-0049-r
Subject(s) - arabidopsis , pseudomonas syringae , arabidopsis thaliana , jasmonic acid , biochemistry , salicylic acid , acyl carrier protein , biology , mutant , plant hormone , chloroplast , chemistry , biosynthesis , gene
Plant fatty acids (FAs) and lipids are essential in storing energy and act as structural components for cell membranes and signaling molecules for plant growth and stress responses. Acyl Carrier Proteins (ACPs) are small acidic proteins that covalently bind the fatty acyl intermediates during the elongation of FAs. The Arabidopsis thaliana ACP family has eight members. Through reverse genetic, molecular, and biochemical approaches, we have discovered that ACP1 localizes to the chloroplast and limits the magnitude of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) against the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato (Pto). The mutant acp1 plants have reduced levels of linolenic acid (18:3), which is the primary precursor for the biosynthesis of the phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA), and a corresponding decrease in the abundance of JA. Consistent with the known antagonistic relationship between JA and salicylic acid (SA), acp1 mutant plants also accumulate higher level of SA and display the corresponding shifts in JA- and SA-regulated transcriptional outputs. Moreover, the methyl JA and linolenic acid treatments cause an apparently enhanced decrease of resistance against Pto in acp1 mutants than that in wild-type plants. The ability of ACP1 to prevent this hormone imbalance likely underlies its negative impact on PTI in plant defense. Thus, ACP1 links FA metabolism to stress hormone homeostasis to be negatively involved in PTI in Arabidopsis plant defense.