Open AccessOptimizing Visualization in Endoscopic Spine Surgery
Author(s) -
Gregory W. Basil,
Vignessh Kumar,
Michael Y. Wang
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
operative neurosurgery
Language(s) - Uncategorized
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.791
H-Index - 21
eISSN - 2332-4260
pISSN - 2332-4252
DOI - 10.1093/ons/opaa382
Subject(s) - visualization , medicine , leverage (statistics) , endoscopy , chromoendoscopy , medical physics , data science , surgery , computer science , artificial intelligence , colorectal cancer , colonoscopy , cancer
Given the inherent limitations of spinal endoscopic surgery, proper lighting and visualization are of tremendous importance. These limitations include a small field of view, significant potential for disorientation, and small working cannulas. While modern endoscopic surgery has evolved in spite of these shortcomings, further progress in improving and enhancing visualization must be made to improve the safety and efficacy of endoscopic surgery. However, in order to understand potential avenues for improvement, a strong basis in the physical principles behind modern endoscopic surgery is first required. Having established these principles, novel techniques for enhanced visualization can be considered. Most compelling are technologies that leverage the concepts of light transformation, tissue manipulation, and image processing. These broad categories of enhanced visualization are well established in other surgical subspecialties and include techniques such as optical chromoendoscopy, fluorescence imaging, and 3-dimensional endoscopy. These techniques have clear applications to spinal endoscopy and represent important avenues for future research.